Abrogating/Nasikh Verses:-
These are the Suras in which there are verses both abrogating as well as abrogated. There are 25 such Suras in the Quran:
2,3,4,5,8,9,14,18,19,21,22,24,25,26,33,34,40,42,51,52,56,58,73,108.
In the final analysis, 71 Suras - out of 114 - comprising 62.28% of all the suras of the Quran have had verses changed or deleted.
(Abu Ja'afar al Nakhass ' al Nasikh wal Mansukh').
There are therefore only 43 Surahs that have not had any of their verses changed.
This shows an Allah who is bereft of foresight, with a fickle mind and incapable of assessing the weaknesses and strengths of Muhammad or his followers; this is of course a blasphemous characterisation of any Omniscient divinity.
Neither in the Hebrew Bible nor in the New Testament are there such verses. The God of Israel is not shown to give one command one instance and then changes it either immediately, shortly afterwards or much later because He did not realise that it was too onerous to be fulfilled by mere humans.
2:106 None of Our revelations do We abrogate or cause to be forgotten but We substitute something better or similar; knowest thou not that Allah hath power over all things?
*** Why would any omniscient God not know beforehand the weaknesses or strengths of His creation?
It is unadulterated BLASPHEMY to impune to the Almighty human weaknesses and vulnerabilities.
Why would any almighty God change His 'mind' and replace earlier ordinances with others?
Why would such a God especially replace ealier ones with SIMILAR ones?
Why similar?
Why not 'reveal' the better ones from the very beginning?
The reader is entitled to ask such questions that require intelligent and logical answers.
Can any Muhammadan provide any answers? ***
4:82 "Do they not ponder over the Qur'an? Had it been the word of any other but Allah they would surely have found a good deal of variation in it, much discrepancy and incongruity...those who check and scrutinize will know it."
*** The Quran is challenging the readers' intellect.
The answer is, incredibly, provided by the Quran itself:
An enormous deal of variations is exactly what is found in the Quran.
There is also of course the issue of the Satanic Verses.
The case is rested ***
13:38 "It was not for any Apostle to come up with a miracle or sign unless it was granted by Our permission. For every age there is a Book revealed. Ar-Rahman abrogates, blots out, or confirms (whatever He wants)."
16:101 And when We exchange a verse in place of another verse and Allah knows very well what He is sending down they say, 'Thou art a mere forger! Nay, but the most of them have no knowledge.
*** The reader should be aware of the incredibly unusual TRANSITION in the verse above from 'We exchange....another verse' to 'and Allah knows...down'
Why and how could Allah 'speak' in the first person [WE] at the beginning of the verse and then moving immediately and without any logical or grammatical reason to the impersonal [and ALLAH] in the second part of the same verse?
It is precisely because Allah "knows very well what he is sending down" that he has absolutely no reason to change his mind and abrogate or make forgotten an earlier 'revelation'.
Even the illiterate and unlearned Arabs of Mecca found it intellectually and theologically fraudulent to believe in a fickle, indecisive and fallible Allah.
Since the Quran and its interpreters, repeatedly mention the inviolability and eternal character of Allah's rules and regulations, how can they at the same time explain away the most controversial cases of the abrogated and abrogating Suras which number 71, that is 62.28% of the Quran?
In Addition to the above anomaly, the reader should also be aware of the missing and forgotten verses that are mentioned in the Ahadith.
Why and what for would Allah, the Omniscient, the All Knowing, change his mind at what he had already announced and 'replace' it with one 'equal' or 'better' than the first?
What would the purpose be of changing one for an EQUAL?
Why change it if it is only for an EQUAL?
Does Allah break his own promises and instructions?
Does Allah hence have more than ONE PRESERVED TABLET?
If so, which one of them is the correct one?
It all sounds more than just blasphemy.
It is all an insult to the Almighty and to the intelligence of human beings who accept such profanity and idiocy of a concept or dogma ***
According to Muhammadan theologians these are the following types of Abrogations:
1 Abolishing the Provisions [Hikmuh] of the verse without eliminating its Wording [Harfuh] or text from the Quran.
{Nusikha Hikmuh wa baqyia Harfuh} (Quran abrogates Quran).
Such as the verse of the Sword verse [al Sayf] 9:05 which abrogates 124 earlier conciliatory Meccan verses. Such verses in the Quran number about 550.
2 Abrogates its Recitation [Harfuh] and retains its Provision [Hikmuh].
{Nusikha Harfuh wa baqyia Hikmuh} (Sunna abrogates Quran).
Such as the verse of Stoning [al Rajm] which Umar b al Khattab swears it existed but was taken out in the Quran of Uthman b Affan.
3 Abolishing BOTH the Provisions and the Wording
{Nusikha Hikmuh wa Harfuh}.
These are verses that existed and were recited by Muhammad to his followers that were subsequently totally forgotten and remained without a trace as is reported by
Jamal al Din al Juzi in his 'Nawasikh al Quran' P:33.
Another, is a report by Aisha that Surat al Ahzab was originally 200 verses long but one finds only 73 verses in Uthman's Quran.
In fact, in Suyuti's Al Itqan fi Ulum al Quran P:56, he reports that Umar b al Khattab said
" what has escaped (been missed) from the Quran, a lot of Quran"
{Laqad Thahaba Min al Quran, Quranan Kathira}.
Another item as reported by Aisha is the missing verse of 'Ritha'at al Kabir' read
al Muwatta Hadith 30.7.
4 Abrogating verse precedes the abrogated.
{Part 3, p. 69 the Suyuti remarks,
"In the Qur'an there is no abrogator (verse) without being preceded by an abrogated (verse) except in two verses, and some added a third one, while others added a fourth verse" (Al Itqan)}.
In part 3, p. 70, the Suyuti himself admits to this odd and amazing situation.
He indicates "One of the wonders of abrogation is a verse in which its beginning has been abrogated by its end. There is nothing like it. It is (placed) in the Sura al Maida (the Table) 105."
Ibn 'Arabi said, "The verse of the 'sword' 9:5, has abrogated 124 verses of the Quran" (p. 69).
According to Ibn Kathir, that (the verse of the Sword) abrogated every peace treaty that had been made with the idolaters:
9: 5 But when the forbidden months are past then fight and slay the pagans wherever ye find them and seize them beleaguer them and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent and establish regular prayers and practice regular charity then open the way for them: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving Most Merciful
This verse (9:5) was called the verse of the 'Sword', about which Ad-Dahhak bin Muzahim said,
"It abrogated every agreement of peace between the Prophet and any idolator, EVERY TREATY, AND EVERY TERM."
Al-'Awfi said that Ibn 'Abbas commented:
"No idolator had any more treaty or promise ever since Sura Bara'ah was revealed. The four months, in addition to, all peace treaties conducted before Bara'ah was revealed and announced had ended by the tenth of the month of Rabi' Al-Akhir."
Tafsir Ibn Kathir (Abridged) Volume 4 (Surat Al-A'raf to the end of Surah Yunus), by Shaykh Safiur-Rahman Al-Mubarakpuri, First Edition: May 2000, pp. 375, 377; cf.
The following list is taken from Dr. Muhammad Taqi-ud Din Al-Hilali & Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan's The Noble Qur'an - English Translation of the Meanings and Commentary, King Fahd Complex For the Printing of the Holy Qur'an, Madinah, K.S.A.
The reader can find this list pretty much in all the Hilali-Khan's Quranic translations, irrespective of date or publisher.
1. 3:85 abrogates 2:62 and 5:69
(V. 2:62) This Verse (and Verse 5:69), mentioned in the Qur'an should not be misinterpreted by the reader as mentioned by Ibn Abbas ... (Tafsir At-Tabari) that the provision of this Verse was abrogated by the Verse 3:85 ... (fn. 1, p. 14; see also fn. 1, p. 157)
2. 9:29 abrogates 2:109
(V. 2:109) The provision of this verse has been abrogated by the (V. 9:29). (Tafsir At-Tabari) (fn. 1, p. 21)
3. 2:185 abrogates 184
(V. 2:184) The provision of this Verse has been abrogated by the next Verse: 185, with a few exceptions, i.e. very old person, or pregnancy, etc. (fn. 1, p. 37)
4. 9:36 abrogates 2:217 and 45:14
(V. 2:217) The provision of this Verse has been abrogated by Verse 9:36. Jihad cf., (V. 2:216). (fn. 2, p. 46; see also fn. 1, p. 677)
5. 5:90 abrogates 2:219
(V. 2:219) The provision of this Verse concerning alcoholic drinks and gambling has been abrogated by the Verse 5:90. (fn. 1, p. 47)
6. 4:12 abrogates 2:240
(V. 2:240): The provision of this Verse has been abrogated by Verse (4:12). (fn. 1, p. 53)
7. 24:2 abrogates 4:15-16
(V. 4:15) The provision of this Verse has been abrogated by the Verses of (V. 24:2), ordaining lashing for the unmarried and stoning to death for the married, when four witnesses testify to the crime. (fn. 1, p. 109)
Sahih Muslim, book 8, no. 3421 Narrated Aisha
It had been revealed in the Qur'an that ten clear sucklings make the marriage unlawful, then it was abrogated (and substituted) by five sucklings and Allah's Apostle (peace_be_upon_him) died and it was before that time (found) in the Qur'an (and recited by the Muslims).
`A'isa reported, 'In what was revealed, ten attested sucklings were required to established the ban. The ten were later replaced by five. The Prophet died and the five were still being recited in the Qur'an.' She used to say, 'The Qur'an was revealed with ten attested sucklings setting up the bar. These later became five.' No man ever called upon her who had not completed a course of five sucklings.
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 4.299 Narrated byAnas
The people of the tribes of Ril, Dhakwan, 'Usiya and Bani Lihyan came to the Prophet and claimed that they had embraced Islam, and they requested him to support them with some men to fight their own people. The Prophet supported them with seventy men from the Ansar whom we used to call Al-Qurra' (i.e. scholars) who (out of piety) used to cut wood during the day and pray all the night. So, those people took the (seventy) men till they reached a place called Bi'r-Ma'ana where they betrayed and martyred them. So, the Prophet invoked evil on the tribe of Ril, Dhakwan and Bani Lihyan for one month in the prayer.
Narrated Qatada:
Anas told us that they (i.e. Muslims) used to recite a Qur'anic verse concerning those martyrs which was: "O Allah! Let our people be informed on our behalf that we have met our Lord Who has got pleased with us and made us pleased."
Then the verse was cancelled.
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 1.98 Narrated byAbu Huraira
I said: "O Allah's Apostle! Who will be the luckiest person, who will gain your intercession on the Day of Resurrection?" Allah's Apostle said: O Abu Huraira! "I have thought that none will ask me about it before you as I know your longing for the (learning of) Hadiths. The luckiest person who will have my intercession on the Day of Resurrection will be the one who said sincerely from the bottom of his heart "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah."
And 'Umar bin 'Abdul 'Aziz wrote to Abu Bakr bin Hazm, "Look for the knowledge of Hadith and get it written, as I am afraid that religious knowledge will vanish and the religious learned men will pass away (die). Do not accept anything save the Hadiths of the Prophet. Circulate knowledge and teach the ignorant, for knowledge does not vanish except when it is kept secretly (to oneself)."
Bukhari:6.550
"The Prophet said, 'It is a bad thing that some of you say, "I have forgotten such-and-such verse of the Qur'an." For indeed, I have been caused to forget it. So you must keep on reciting the Qur'an because it escapes from the hearts of men faster than a runaway camel.'" [This of course contradicts the following verse from Allah]
87:4 "We shall make you read so that you will not forget."
Bukhari:7.427
"The Prophet said, 'If I take an oath and later find something else better than that, then I do what is better and expiate my oath.'
Ishaq:326
"Abdullah told me that when this verse came down it was a shock to the Muslims who took it hard. They were afraid, as the odds were too great. So Allah relieved them and cancelled the verse with another:
8. 65: O apostle! rouse the believers to the fight. If there are twenty amongst you patient and persevering they will vanquish two hundred: if a hundred they will vanquish a thousand of the unbelievers: for these are a people without understanding.
*** The ratio in this verse is One:Ten. Muhammad's followers complained bitterly at these impossible odds and Allah - as usual - promptly changed
'his mind' and reduced the odds to the more manageable, One:Two, by 'revealing' the next verse ***
8. 66: 'Now has Allah relieved you and He knows that there is a weakness among you, so if there are 100 [rather than 20] they shall vanquish 200.'"
*** Muhammadan scholars, having ran out of contorted explanations and twisted logic, have very conveniently forgotten the most basic premise of the Almighty's character:
That it is precisely because the Almighty is capable of doing everything - being omniscient and omnipotent - that He is able to issue a command and reveal a verse without the need to revise or abrogate it ***
